THE BOURNE JOURNAL OF
ARCHAEOLOGY
ULUKHAKTOK: POSSIBLE
FOURTH DOMAIN FOUND
WHICH MAY LEAD TO NEW
FORMS OF ARCHEAN LIFE
Scientists believe during the Archean period smaller
bacterial life forms were the dominant life forms on
an evolving Earth that would eventually lead to the
diverse biological formations we know today. Some
researchers now believe there is evidence that the
Archean period presented more advanced forms,
which may lead to the possibility of complex
animals a billion years before any were known to
appear in evolution.
Yellowknife | A biological enigma of
a newly discovered Archean "super
domain" or ancient cell has been
collected in the Northwest Territories
and successfully brought to life by
researchers at the University of
Nanavut in Canada.
Professor John McColloch and renowned
geobiologist Dr. Sidney Brockhouse from
the University of Nanavut informally
announced their findings in the esteemed
periodical "Measures of Science" in the
magazine's May 2021 publication after
performing their exhaustive laboratory
work on the unusual 3500 mya samples
that were collected on Ulukhaktok, which
is located on the Slave craton. The Slave
craton is an Archean craton in the north-
western Canadian Shield, of which
Northwest Territories and Nunavut are a
part. The sample was collected off the
west coast of Victoria Island, in the
Inuvik Region of the Northwest
Territories, Canada.
Scientists now believe these cratons are
the remains of lost continents that
formed over the ages, rising and
fragmenting which gave rise to the theory
of continental drift. Recent discoveries
have indicated many of these ancient
geological forms may be proof of the
growing acceptance of a first continent
called Yidath, which may have been the
'Garden of Eden" where advanced
biological life began some 3500 mya ago.
"Never have we see in biology an rRNA
from these unknown prokaryota cells
combining both the characteristics of the
domains Archea and Bacteria induced in
the functional operation in an advanced
'supercharged' organism," remarked
Professor Donna Hern, of the University
of Calgary's Institute of Sciences. "This
organism will have serious implications to
our modern thoughts on evolution."
Scientists collecting samples of the newly
discovered domain on Victoria Island, now known as
Ulukhaktok in Northern Canada. Core samples have
been planned this year.
The oldest fossils known are some 3.5
billion year old, primitive bacteria
microfossils. Life during the more than
one billion years of the Archean were
mounded colonies of photosynthetic
bacteria called stromatolites. Earth's
atmosphere was different from what we
see today; at that time, it composed an
atmosphere of methane, ammonia, and
other gases as carbon dioxide and
hydrogen, which would be unbreathable
to most life now. The Earth's crust then
cooled for the continental plates to form.
Stromatolites exploded in number
throughout the Archean, but began to
decline during the Proterozoic. They are
not common today. The Archean was
preceded by the Hadean Eon and
followed by the Proterozoic.
“But now we have an
advanced organism which by
all probability should not be
existing today. ”remarked Dr
Hern.
The three domains, devised by Carl
Woese et al in 1990, is the highest
taxonomic rank of organisms in the
three-domain system of taxonomy. This
order, or "tree of life" consists of Archaea,
Bacteria, and Eukarya. Both Archaea and
Bacteria are entire prokaryotic
microorganisms, single-celled organisms
whose cells have a distorted or non-
membrane bound nucleus. Eukarya
includes life that has a cell nucleus and
eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles.
These solidify the difference between the
three classes.
The new Archean "super organism" not
only has qualities of both Archaea and
Bacteria, but shows the ability to
withstand extreme temperatures and
highly sulphuric and acidic conditions,
which would destroy any other cellular or
non cellular organism.
Reviewing these latest results, Professor
John McColloch remarked that this is due
to the severe atmospheric conditions that
existed during the billion years of the
Earth's toxic and highly heated surface,
making it “highly likely” that an large,
ancient animal composed of these cells
would be able to thrive in this
environment.
"While the discovery of this new Archean
cell is an evolutionary breakthrough,
there may be no way with current genetic
technology to be able to 'grow' an ancient
animal that would have walked on the
first continents," said the Professor
McColloch. "We see the organism has
been able to return to life after billions of
years in the Slave craton, which will lead
to more startling discoveries to be
revealed in the future."
Scientists at the University of Calgary examining
samples of the new Archean find.
Yidath (called the first continent or the
"Garden of Eden") is the sunken
continent that was introduced by Oxford
Professor Jebidiah E. Smith in his study
published in his most famous work "A
Commentary on the Book of Gates"
published in 1868 by the Oxford Press.
The Book of Gates, he revealed, recorded
the billion year history of the ancient
world's religious and historical histories
and 'truth' of the First Gods, whom he
said ruled the world before Yidath sunk
beneath the waves before the
Proterozoic. He claimed the many races
there had been more advanced
biologically then modern forms today,
which under de-evolution became the
men and animals we know today.
The Book of Gates was considered more
of a spiritual document than a scientific
one, being that the work was revealed
during the early years of 19th century
spiritism, which produced realms of lost
prophets and lost tablets that were
translated by more dubious methods.
However, Smith's work garnered great
fame during his tenure, and remained so
after his presumed death in 1870 while
on an expedition to the Saudi Desert.
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